{"id":30966,"date":"2025-04-16T05:58:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-16T04:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/?p=30966"},"modified":"2025-04-03T18:57:35","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T17:57:35","slug":"problema-cu-tarifele-ridicate-la-nivel-de-razboi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/?p=30966","title":{"rendered":"Problema cu tarifele ridicate la nivel de r\u0103zboi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Nu e legat\u0103 de pre\u021burile mai mari pl\u0103tite de popula\u021bie. E c\u0103 restr\u00e2ng comer\u021bul. Mai ales acolo unde sunt aplicate. Dac\u0103 restr\u00e2ng comer\u021bul, produc \u0219omaj. Oamenii care n-au de munc\u0103, \u00ee\u0219i fac. Sau mor de foame. C\u00e2nd e nevoie ca statul s\u0103 rezolve asta o poate face cu comunism ( s\u0103 d\u0103m la toat\u0103 lumea de lucru), sau cu r\u0103zboi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un r\u0103zboi al tarifelor ne impinge c\u0103tre riscul de r\u0103zboi. E amuzant c\u0103 ceea ce vrea Trump s\u0103 ob\u021bin\u0103 prin protec\u021bionism e fix opusul situa\u021biei \u0219i poate ar merge, dac\u0103 restul \u021b\u0103rilor ar \u00eencasa loviturile \u0219i n-ar reac\u021biona. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un fix similar a incercat in 1921 in Statele Unite – c\u00e2nd au avut prea mul\u021bi oameni st\u0103t\u0103tori degeaba, \u00eentor\u0219i din r\u0103zboi \u0219i au declan\u0219at o criz\u0103 brutal\u0103 \u00een 1920. C\u0103 s-au \u00eentors, din p\u0103cate, vii. Vreun milion \u0219i ceva. Au avut \u0219omaj de 12% \u0219i profituri sc\u0103zute cu ceva gen 90%. Au t\u0103iat cheltuielile de la buget, cum se face, ca s\u0103 stabilizeze economia, iar noul pre\u0219edinte a impus tariffe ca s\u0103 stimuleze din nou produc\u021bia industrial\u0103 local\u0103, care era \u00een bosche\u021bi de la tranzi\u021bia de la economie de r\u0103zboi la cea de pace. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emergency Tariffs Act 1921<\/a>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe scurt: Pe timpul WW1, de care americanii au profitat, ca \u0219i de WW2 \u0219i de tot ce-au putut, fermierii lor au prosperat produc\u00e2nd hran\u0103 pentru Europeni, c\u0103 europenii erau un pic ocupa\u021bi cu o campanie de s\u0103pat ad\u00e2nc c\u00e2mpurile lor, mai exact tran\u0219ee, \u0219i de \u00eengr\u0103\u0219at terenurile cu propriile corpuri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2nd s-a terminat r\u0103zboiul, europenii aveau c\u00e2mpurile bubene de grase \u0219i, normal, au pus pu\u0219tile \u00een cui \u0219i au re\u00eenceput \u0219i ei agricultura, c\u0103 ce s\u0103 faci pe plictiseal\u0103. Iar fermierii americani s-au trezit nu numai cu supraproduc\u021bie, dar \u0219i cu frica c\u0103 dac\u0103 au tarife mici o s\u0103 fie inunda\u021bi \u0219i de produse agricole din Europa, care era \u0219i ea \u00een disperat\u0103 nevoie de bani \u0219i oarecum pe reveneal\u0103 agricol\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u0219a c\u0103 au dat cu tariful imediat. \u0102sta a fost a\u0219a la repezeal\u0103 \u0219i de \u00eenc\u0103lzire. \u0218mecheria a fost \u00een 1922 cu \u201dThe Fordney-McCumber Tariff<\/strong>\u201d. \u0102la a \u00eengropat exporturile Europei c\u0103tre US. Problema e c\u0103 Europenii aveau datorii \u0219i au ajuns s\u0103 se calce \u00een picioare \u0219i \u00eentre ei din cauza asta. Mai pe scurt a\u0219a, \u0219i nu \u00een ordinea priorit\u0103\u021bilor neap\u0103rat, doar ni\u0219te exemple: Fran\u021ba – care ie\u0219ise cam cel mai bine din WW1<\/a> \u0219i cu mul\u021bi solda\u021bi mor\u021bi, deci nu mureau acum de foame \u0219i cu parcele largi de teren \u0219i cam f\u0103r\u0103 datorii, avea de \u201drecuperat\u201d de la nem\u021bi, datoria de r\u0103zboi stabilit\u0103, \u00een c\u0103rbune din Germania, care \u00eens\u0103 era falit\u0103 \u0219i avea nevoie de finan\u021bare s\u0103-l mineze. A\u0219a c\u0103 Fran\u021ba f\u0103cea pe bancherul – investind \u00een economia Germaniei, ca s\u0103-i ia c\u0103rbunele. De care avea nevoie c\u0103 nem\u021bii le bombardaser\u0103 minele lor <\/strong>de c\u0103rbune \u00een timpul r\u0103zboiului. \u0218i p\u00e2n\u0103 s\u0103-l ia de la nem\u021bi, importau c\u0103rbune de la englezi, care, g\u0103sind de cuviin\u021b\u0103 c\u0103 e resurs\u0103 strategic\u0103 – \u00een sensul c\u0103-s francezii dispera\u021bi dup\u0103 el, puneau tax\u0103 pe export ( un fel de acciz\u0103). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A mers bine pentru America. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1929. C\u0103 lucrurile nu merg niciodat\u0103 perfect \u00een izola\u021bionism \u0219i pierzi punctele de reper . Lua\u021bi exemplul succesul comunismului. \u00cen primii ani n-a fost chiar r\u0103u…

Dar au reparat-o \u00een 1930 cu \u201dSmooth-Hawly Tarrif act\u201d – taxe de import pe 20,000 de produse. La care au retaliat atunci Argentina, Australia, Canada, Cuba , Fran\u021ba , Italia, Mexic, Spania \u0219i Elve\u021bia – destul de repede. Canadienii i-au \u00eengropat, c\u0103 erau, ca \u0219i acum , cel mai mare partener economic. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce-au f\u0103cut atunci canadienii a fost s\u0103 pun\u0103 tarife americanilor \u0219i s\u0103 scad\u0103 tarifele produselor britanice. Canada a ini\u021biat un bloc de comer\u021b cu Marea Britanie \u0219i vasalii ei ( Common Wealth countries). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

O gr\u0103mad\u0103 de \u021b\u0103ri au pus tarife, comer\u021bul global a sc\u0103zut cu vreo 60% \u0219i cea mai afectat\u0103 \u021bar\u0103 a fost… Germania, care era \u00eendatorat\u0103, \u00ee\u0219i baza, ca \u0219i acum, economia pe industrie \u0219i exporturi \u0219i nu putea s\u0103 mai exporte c\u0103tre partenerii cei mai boga\u021bi… ca s\u0103-\u0219i poat\u0103 pl\u0103ti datoriile de r\u0103zboi, care-i erau impuse, \u00eenainte de alte aspecte. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe vremea aia lumea vorbea de \u201dAmerica First\u201d o chestie care acum e suprinz\u0103tor de nou\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce e amuzant c\u0103 seria asta de tarife a fost creat\u0103 pentru a proteja ( retorica era a\u0219a) agricultura american\u0103, care a suferit cel mai mult de la represaliile celorlalte \u021b\u0103ri – exportul de tutun , bumbac … <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tura asta Trump vrea s\u0103 protejeze industria american\u0103, \u00een special pe cea exportatoare de ma\u0219ini. Dar nu conteaz\u0103. \u0218i dac\u0103 ar reu\u0219i.

Undeva, ni\u0219te oameni n-or s\u0103 aib\u0103 de munc\u0103. Undeva ni\u0219te \u021b\u0103ri au datorii de pl\u0103tit, ca \u0219i Statele Unite. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Nu e legat\u0103 de pre\u021burile mai mari pl\u0103tite de popula\u021bie. E c\u0103 restr\u00e2ng comer\u021bul. Mai ales acolo unde sunt aplicate. Dac\u0103 restr\u00e2ng comer\u021bul, produc \u0219omaj.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30967,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3499,170],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30966","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","category-politice"],"views":686,"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/all-in-tariffs.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4Eq23-83s","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30966","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30966"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30966\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30968,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30966\/revisions\/30968"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/30967"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30966"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30966"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30966"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}