{"id":9966,"date":"2017-12-10T01:08:19","date_gmt":"2017-12-09T23:08:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/?p=9966"},"modified":"2017-12-11T01:46:47","modified_gmt":"2017-12-10T23:46:47","slug":"combustibili-solizi-carbune-lignit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/?p=9966","title":{"rendered":"Combustibil solid: C\u0103rbune lignit"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Anul \u0103sta am cump\u0103rat ni\u0219te c\u0103rbune <\/strong>ca s\u0103 ard \u00een loc de lemn.\u00a0 C\u0103 e mai ieftin \u0219i mai bun. Aceasta din urm\u0103 era o ipotez\u0103,\u00a0 care nu prea se verific\u0103.<\/p>\n

C\u0103rbunele din sursa aia se vinde \u0219i pe la sub 100 de lei pe ton\u0103 + transport, care-i cam 30-50 de lei pe ton\u0103.\u00a0 \u00a0Eu am cump\u0103rat, ca Becali,\u00a0 la un pic mai mult de 250 de lei pe ton\u0103.\u00a0 Ar fi trebuit tot s\u0103 fie ok. \u00cen compara\u021bie cu lemnele.\u00a0 \u00cen afar\u0103 de experimentul de mai jos, am observat urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n

E un combustibil incomod.\u00a0 E murdar, nici lemnele nu-s chiar curate precum gazul sau curentul electric, dar cu siguran\u021b\u0103 nu provoac\u0103 at\u00e2ta mizerie.<\/p>\n

\u00cen mod normal ar trebui s\u0103 fie un combustibil cu ardere lung\u0103.\u00a0 Ok, e mai lung\u0103 dec\u00e2t\u00a0 lemnul, dar doar dac\u0103 sufoc arderea dureaz\u0103 mai mult, ceea ce nu e bine, c\u0103 scoate mult fum \u0219i elibereaz\u0103 prea pu\u021bin\u0103 c\u0103ldur\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cel mai enervant e faptul c\u0103 las\u0103 mult\u0103 cenu\u0219\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103 o dat\u0103 ce un lot de carbune a ars, e dificil s\u0103 pui al\u021bi c\u0103rbuni peste ei, c\u0103 jarul se f\u0103r\u00e2m\u0103 ai astup\u0103 g\u0103urile prin care intr\u0103 aerul \u0219i nici nu po\u021bi s\u0103 sco\u021bi cenu\u0219a,\u00a0 c\u0103 e \u00eenc\u0103 jar \u00eencins.<\/p>\n

\u0218i necesita oricum multa mentenan\u021b\u0103 \u0219i reglaje.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2t de mult\u0103 cenu\u0219\u0103?\u00a0 Cam at\u00e2t \u00een 12 ore de foc. Aproape p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een gura de b\u0103gat lemne.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Apoi e problematica cenu\u0219ii.\u00a0 Cenu\u0219a de lemn poate fi f\u0103r\u0103 probleme aruncata pe teren agricol, chiar serve\u0219te ca fertilizator. Asta de carbune?\u00a0 Nu prea. E plina de lut copt \u0219i “caramelizat”. De\u0219euri.<\/p>\n

Anteconcluzia e c\u0103 nu mai cump\u0103r c\u0103rbune,\u00a0 dec\u00e2t dac\u0103 g\u0103sesc de la alt\u0103 min\u0103,\u00a0 poate Valea Jiului.
\nSursa:<\/strong> C\u0103rbunele e de la mina Berbe\u0219ti,<\/strong> de calitatea e cam slab\u0103 ,\u00a0 din observa\u021biile efectuate.<\/p>\n

\n

Test<\/strong> :\u00a0 18kg\u00a0 de carbune , aprinse cu 6 kg de lemn de fag uscat\u00a0 0.5 kg porumb \u0219i 0.5 kg coceni de porumbi.<\/p>\n

Temperatura pe puffer, la pornire, era de 29 grade sus, 29 la jumatate, 24 in partea de jos. Temperatura pe cazanul Viadrus era de 29 grade C.<\/p>\n

Apa a ajuns la 70,65,60 pe puffer si 70 pe cazan dupa care a trebuitsa pornesc pompele ca se oprea recircularea pe controler ( asa am setat controllerul sa nu circule apa daca in cazan nu-i temperatura mai mare cu minim 10 grade decat in puffer – jos) .\u00a0 Iar Daca nu se recircula apa catre puffer temperatura pe cazan urca pana la urma, dar progresiv se inchide admisia de aer in camera de ardere ( setarea centralei Viadrus, pentru protectie la supraincalzire) si se sufoca arderea, prin urmare.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

De-acolo a mai mers jumatate de ora cu\u00a0 pompand apa in circuitul casei cu cca 0.5 mc\/h\u00a0 ( bazat pe indicatiile de pe debitmetrele circuitelor de incalzire)\u00a0 la 45 de grade pe tur si 25 pe retur, deopotriva cu pompa de boiler care a incalzit 100 de litri de apa la 60 de grade de la vreo 40. Dupa jumatate de ora temperatura pe puffer in conditiile astea , era 65,63,58.<\/p>\n

Si focul cam terminase carbunii, mai era doar jar, dar a trebuit sa realimentez, nu am putut sa las arderea sa se comsume complet.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dupa toate masurarile si calculele rezulta mai putin de 2kwh pe kilogramul de carbune ars, Lucru care spune\u00a0 multe despre calitatea carbunelui de la Berbesti pentru minarea caruia se farama casele localnicilor.\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Caldura specifica\u00a0 apa<\/td>\n4180<\/td>\nJ\/kg*K<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n1.11611<\/td>\nWh\/kg*K<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
necesar energie pentru 500l , dt 1grd<\/td>\n558.055<\/td>\nWh\/500kg*K<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Temperatura medie initiala (Ti)<\/td>\n(29+29+24)\/3<\/td>\n27.33<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Temperatura medie stage 2(T1)<\/td>\n(70+65+60)\/3<\/td>\n65<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Energie utila de la T1- Ti<\/td>\n21021.93185<\/td>\nWh<\/td>\n(20,091kwh)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pana la stage 2 in puffer s-au acumulat<\/td>\n21.02193185<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Stage 2 – alimentare circuit incalzire<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th<\/td>\n45<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tl-i<\/td>\n25<\/td>\nC<\/td>\ntemperatura de jos initiala<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tl-1h<\/td>\n28<\/td>\nC<\/td>\ntemperatura de jos finala<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tl-med<\/td>\n26.5<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dT = Th – tl-med<\/td>\n18.5<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nin ceea ce priveste dT, tranzitia Kelvin Celsius e 1:1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
debit<\/td>\n600<\/td>\nl\/h<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
timp<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
volum de apa circulat( debit*timp)<\/td>\n600<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
energie disipata de sistem<\/td>\n12388.821<\/td>\nWh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Volum apa * caldura specifica * dT<\/td>\n12.388821<\/td>\nkWh<\/td>\nam considerat 1l = 1kg apa. Aproximativ corect<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Stage 2 –\u00a0 ridicare temperatura boiler<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Volum boiler<\/td>\n100<\/td>\nl<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ti\u00a0 boiler~<\/td>\n40<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tf boiler~<\/td>\n60<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dT boiler<\/td>\n20<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
energie atrasa in boiler<\/td>\n2232.22<\/td>\nWh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n2.23222<\/td>\nkWh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Stare pufer stage 2<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tmed<\/td>\n(65+63+58)\/3<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n62<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dT(t1 -60)<\/td>\n3<\/td>\nC<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dE (energia pierduta din puffer dupa Stage 2)<\/td>\n1674.165<\/td>\nWh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n1.674165<\/td>\nkWh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Energia utila extrasa din combustibil\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/td>\n33.97<\/strong><\/td>\nkwh<\/td>\n\u00a0pana la final stage 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pe baza masurarilor anterioare<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
combustibilul era 75% epuizat ( +\/-5%)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Energie utila totala calculata<\/td>\n45.17851444<\/td>\nkwh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Energie utila totala maxima ( epuizare la 70%)<\/td>\n48.50745761<\/td>\nkwh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Combustibil<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fag, putere calorifica 3600 kcal\/kg uscat<\/strong><\/td>\n3240<\/td>\nkcal\/kg<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pp 90% din\u00a0 standard<\/td>\n3.768<\/td>\nkwh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cantitate lemn<\/td>\n7<\/td>\nkg<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Presupun porumbul la o putere similara<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
energie totala teoretica lemn<\/td>\n26.376<\/td>\nkwh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Randament cazan pe lemn ~75%, zicem 70%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Energie utila calculata<\/td>\n18.4632<\/td>\nkwh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CARBUNE\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n18<\/td>\nkg<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
putere calorifica teoretica<\/td>\n5700<\/td>\nkcal\/kg<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n6.629<\/td>\nkwh\/kg<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
total teoretic<\/td>\n119.322<\/td>\nkwh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
randamentul presupus al centralei<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
este de 80% pe carbune, zicem tot 70%<\/td>\n83.5254<\/td>\nkwh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IMPOSIBIL<\/td>\n######<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mai degraba MAXIM<\/td>\n30.04425761<\/strong><\/td>\nkwh<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Anul \u0103sta am cump\u0103rat ni\u0219te c\u0103rbune ca s\u0103 ard \u00een loc de lemn.\u00a0 C\u0103 e mai ieftin \u0219i mai bun. Aceasta din urm\u0103 era o…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10071,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[604,1],"tags":[2218,2219,2217],"class_list":["post-9966","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-operatiunea-monstrul","category-uncategorized","tag-carbune-berbesti","tag-combustibil-solid","tag-lignit"],"views":4456,"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Anthracite.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4Eq23-2AK","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9966","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9966"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9966\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10072,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9966\/revisions\/10072"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9966"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9966"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/catalinx.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9966"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}